SOCIO ECONOMIC CULTURE OF INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
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| SOCIO ECONOMIC CULTURE OF INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION |
Agriculture
§ The Harappan villages, mostly situated near the flood plains, produced
sufficient foodgrains.
§ Wheat, barley, rai, peas, sesame, lentil, chickpea and mustard were
produced. Millets are also found from sites in Gujarat. While rice uses were
relatively rare.
§ The Indus people were the earliest people to produce cotton.
§ While the prevalence of agriculture is indicated by finds of grain, it
is more difficult to reconstruct actual agricultural practices.
§ Representations on seals and terracotta sculpture indicate that
the bull was known, and archaeologists extrapolate shows oxen were also
used for ploughing.
§ Most Harappan sites are located in semi-arid lands, where
irrigation was probably required for agriculture.
§ Traces of canals have been found at the Harappan
site of Shortughai in Afghanistan, but not in Punjab or Sindh.
§ Although the Harappans practised agriculture, animals were also
reared on a large scale.
Evidence of the horse comes from a superficial level of Mohenjodaro and from a doubtful terracotta figurine from Lothal. In any case the Harappan culture was not horse centred.
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